Differents Between State Preschool and Family Child Care

• Preschool improves outcomes.
  High-quality preschool improves short- and long-term outcomes such as school readiness, high schoolhouse graduation, and earnings—although some early educational advantages can fade. There are some indications that depression-income children benefit more than their wealthier peers from access to gratuitous, high-quality preschool. In addition, universal preschool programs, which enroll children from all socioeconomic backgrounds, may improve outcomes for low-income children more substantially than income-targeted programs.
• Child intendance supports parental employment—and most parents of young children piece of work.
  In California, 77% of working-age parents (and other caregivers) of preschool-anile children are employed at least function time. At least i adult works outside the domicile in 98% of families with two (or more) working-age adults; in 55% of these families, all adults work. Among single-parent families, 86% of parents work. Unlike employment rates amid single-parent families may partly reflect lack of admission to high-quality affordable child intendance. Single-parent families with young children have strikingly high poverty rates: 62% of preschool-aged children with just one working-historic period adult at dwelling house lived in or nearly poverty.
• Country and federal dollars support several preschool programs in California.
  California has three principal publicly funded preschool programs—the California State Preschool Plan (CSPP), Caput Start, and Transitional Kindergarten. Other publicly funded programs serve a broader historic period range, typically ages 0-12, past providing vouchers for some depression-income working families to obtain intendance. CSPP serves low-income families (earning less than $54,000 for a family of 3) with both office-solar day and full-solar day care, prioritizing employed parents for the latter. Head Offset serves families with incomes under the federal poverty line ($21,000 for a family unit of 3). Transitional Kindergarten has no income requirements, but enrolls only a express age group. For FY 2019, the state budgeted $two.2 billion for CSPP and Transitional Kindergarten; the federal government provided $i.1 billion for Caput Outset for children ages 0-five. Spending on these three programs covers over half of public expenditures on child intendance and evolution in California.

SOURCES: Legislative Analyst'due south Office, Kid Intendance and Preschool Upkeep; United states Department of Wellness and Man Services, Administration for Children and Families, Justification of Estimates for Appropriations Committees, FY 2019.

NOTES: Dollar values are presented in millions for FY 2019. Kid care vouchers and other programs for children under 13 include the Culling Payment Programs, General Child Care and Development, migrant programs, the Bridge program for foster children, and intendance for children with severe disabilities. Virtually a third of Caput Outset enrollment is children ages 0–two. This chart excludes funding for Title I district preschool and special education baby, toddler, and preschool programs, which blend federal, state, and local funds and are administered locally; Melnick, et al. (2017) estimate that they received $245 million in land and federal funds in 2014–15. Transitional Kindergarten can too receive additional, local funding, which is not reflected in this chart.

• Public preschool programs lack capacity to serve all eligible children.
  Together, CSPP and Transitional Kindergarten take 260,000 funded slots for 2018–19; Caput Kickoff had about 70,000 funded preschool slots for 2017–18. Limited data sharing between local, state, and federal programs complicates the ability to get accurate counts of actual enrollment—as a result, measurements of unmet need are not exact. Even so, i judge finds that the largest programs enrolled 38% of eligible three-year-olds and 69% of eligible 4-year-olds in 2015–16.
• Preschool enrollment reflects social and economic disparities.
  California's population includes slightly more than one million three- and iv-year-olds. Families reported in 2016 that 35% of their three-twelvemonth-olds and 56% of their four-yr-olds were enrolled in either a private or public preschool. Preschool-aged children are much less likely to be enrolled in preschool if no adult in the family has a college caste (37% vs. 59%); they are somewhat less likely to be enrolled if their families live in or well-nigh poverty (38% vs. 52%), or if no adult speaks English language well (39% vs. 47%). In improver, children of color are less likely to exist enrolled than white, non-Latino children (42% vs. 55%).

SOURCE: Estimates from the 2014–2016 California Poverty Mensurate (CPM) and American Customs Survey (ACS) data.

NOTES: Nautical chart shows the percent difference for each grouping's enrollment in preschool or plant nursery school relative to that of preschool-anile children not in the group. Negative numbers indicate relative nether enrollment among those in the indicated group. Families with express education refers to those in which no i has a four-year college degree; children of colour refers to those not identified as non-Latino white; families nigh poverty are those with resource under 150% of the CPM poverty line; families with express English language are those in which no developed reports speaking only English language or speaking English language very well.

• Expanding admission to preschool volition require a multipronged approach.
  In his 2019–xx upkeep proposal, the governor recommended spending on workforce evolution, kindergarten infrastructure, and full-twenty-four hour period CSPP slots. Together, these proposals promise to increase admission to preschool. Nationally, usa with the highest levels of state preschool participation enroll more than seventy% of all iv-year-olds. To reach these levels, California volition need to reckon seriously with existing programme fragmentation. Decision makers may also desire to consider how to expand—by building on universal public school, or by growing targeted programs.

Topics

Economy Wellness & Safety Cyberspace K–12 Pedagogy Population

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Source: https://www.ppic.org/publication/public-preschools-in-california/

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